SpringBoot中使用RabbitMQ

搭建初始环境

1. 引入依赖
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. 配置配置文件
spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    host: 124.71.207.241
    port: 5672
    username: ems
    password: 123
    virtual-host: ems

模板对象RabbitTemplate 用来简化操作 使用时候直接在项目中注入即可使用

第一种hello world模型使用

  1. 开发生产者
    @Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

@Test
public void testHello(){
  rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello","hello world");
}
  2. 开发消费者
    @Component
@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("hello"))
//@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(value = "work",declare = "true"))
// ----@Queue的参数-----
//name: 队列的名称；
//durable: 是否持久化；
//exclusive: 是否独享、排外的；
//autoDelete: 是否自动删除；
//arguments：队列的其他属性参数

    
public class HelloCustomer {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("message = " + message);
    }
}

    在springboot中RabbitMQ是以消费者为主体的，如果只通过rabbitTemplate开发了生产者，而没有对应的消费者，是不会产生对应的队列和消息的。

第二种work模型使用

  1. 开发生产者
    @Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

@Test
public void testWork(){
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("work","hello work!");
  }
}
  2. 开发消费者
    @Component
public class WorkCustomer {
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("work message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receive2(String message){
        System.out.println("work message2 = " + message);
    }
}

    说明:默认在Spring AMQP实现中Work这种方式就是公平调度,如果需要实现能者多劳需要额外配置

Fanout 广播模型

  1. 开发生产者
    @Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

@Test
public void testFanout() throws InterruptedException {
  rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("logs","","这是日志广播");
}
  1. 开发消费者
    @Component
public class FanoutCustomer {

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue,
            exchange = @Exchange(name="logs",type = "fanout")
    ))
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue, //不指定队列名，创建临时队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name="logs",type = "fanout")  //绑定交换机类型
    ))
    public void receive2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}

Route 路由模型

  1. 开发生产者
    @Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

@Test
public void testDirect(){
  rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("directs","error","error 的日志信息");
}
  2. 开发消费者
    @Component
public class DirectCustomer {

    @RabbitListener(bindings ={
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue(),//不指定队列名，创建临时队列
                    key={"info","error"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct",name="directs")
            )})
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings ={
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue(),
                    key={"error"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct",name="directs")
            )})
    public void receive2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}

    Topic 订阅模型(动态路由模型)

  3. 开发生产者
    @Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

//topic
@Test
public void testTopic(){
  rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topics","user.save.findAll","user.save.findAll 的消息");
}
  1. 开发消费者
    @Component
public class TopCustomer {
    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    key = {"user.*"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "topic",name = "topics")
            )
    })
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    key = {"user.#"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "topic",name = "topics")
            )
    })
    public void receive2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}